PHS (Personal Handyphone System) is a low-powered wireless phone technology developed in Japan and rather different from other cellular phone technologies.
PHS has been deployed in Japan since mid-1990's; now also in China, Taiwan, Thailand (where called PCT) etc. Today PHS is considered as low-cost data communication service rather than voice phone in Japan. Unlimited data communication plans are available
PHS is, essentially, a cordless telephone like DECT, with the capability to handover from one cell to another. PHS cells are small, with transmission power of base station a maximum of 500 mW and range typically measures in tens or at most hundreds of meters (some can range up to about 2 kilometres in line-of-sight), as opposed to the multi-kilometer ranges of GSM. This makes PHS suitable for dense urban areas, but impractical for rural areas, and the small cell size also makes it difficult if not impossible to make calls from rapidly moving vehicles.
PHS uses TDMA/TDD for its radio channel access method, and 32 kbit/s ADPCM for its voice codec. Modern PHS phone can also support many value-added services such as high speed wireless data / Internet connection (64 kbit/s and higher), WWW access, e-mailing, text messaging and even color image transfer.
PHS technology is also a popular option for providing a wireless local loop, where it is used to bridge the "last mile" gap between the POTS network and the subscriber's home. Actually, it was developed under the concept that it makes up a wireless front-end of an ISDN network. So a base station of PHS has a compatibility with, and is often connected directly to ISDN telephone exchange equipment
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